Richardus Tonge Djen

Causative used when someone else does something for us. The subject doesn't do himself the task. Causative forms  in present, past and future tenses. Change sentence tense = Change sentence of causative verb See table below for your  reference  (have & get) PAST PRESENT FUTURE Simple tense Had Have/has Will have Continues tense Was, were having Am/ is / are having Will be having perfect simple tense Had had Have/has had Will have had Perfect continues tense Had been having Have/has been having Will have been having Am / is / are going to Am / is / are / was/ were going to have Present infinitive Have Perfect infinitive Have had Present gerund Having PAST PRESENT FUTURE Simple tense Got Get/gets Will get Continues tense Was/were getting Am/is/are getting Will be getting Perfect simple tense Had got Have/has got Will have got Perfect continues tense Had been getting Have/has been getting Will have been getting Am/is/are going to Am/is/are going to get Present infinitiv...

Linking Verb Function to "link" subject and the rest of the sentence (subject complement). Subject complement could be noun, pronoun and adjective Linking verb express condition or state of being. Easy way to identify the verb is linking verb by replace it with to be as a simple tense. If the sentence still make sense and have almost same meaning, the verb is linking verb. The most common linking verbs: to be  1. Jokowi is a president 2. I will not be late 3. He should not be there 4. Juno may be late  5. Jeriko shall have been calm       and other verbs related to sentence - sensory linking verb; look, smell, sound, taste, fell  6. Janetta looks beautiful in that dress / Janetta is beautiful in that dress     'looks' link Janetta and subject complement 'beautiful in that dress'. if we replace loos with is, the              sentence have the same meaning therefore looks we said linking verb 7. ...

Finite Change (or not) the verb form according to subject Show tenses (present and past) 1. She goes to the town and buys an umbrella     explain: verb 'go' & 'buy' have changed become goes and buys because the subject 'she' is third form and singular sentence is present tense 2. We call him by phone     explain: verb 'call' has not changed because the subject 'we' is not third form sentence is present tense 3. we ran to tennis court yesterday     explain: verb 'ran' is past form of verb run sentence is past tense             Non Finite Don't change the verb form (for any subject) Don't show the tenses Three types of NF  Gerunds Participles (past and present) past participle passive voice perfect tense present participle progressive tense Infinitive 4. Brent likes   cooking and washing in his house     likes is main verb (finite) and cooking & washing is non main verb (finite verb) 5. Su...

Almost any natural water that is drinkable (potable water) can be use as water for concrete mixing. Its water must free from injurious amount of oil, acid, alkali, salt, organic materials and chloride ion as shown in table 4.3.1. Those impurities could be effect to concrete setting time, strength, stability of volume and corrosion on to reinforcement. Be ware the salts and other impurities from aggregates in to concrete mixing. Non potable water - re use water such as toilet and wash washing and irrigation may be use as concrete mixing as long as follow condition below: water used in concrete proportion (mixing) comes from same source or we can say non potable water is used as concrete mixing. mortar test cubes made from non potable water could reach compressive strength test in 7 days and 28 days at least 90% from potable water can be use as concrete proportion

It is define the requirement of grading and quality of fine aggregate and coarse aggregate ; other than lightweight and heavyweight used in concrete maximum size and grading of aggregates determine proportion in concrete mixture Ordering & Specifying information As purchaser and supplier information below to be state 1. Reference, as C33 2. Quantity, SI as standard 3. Fine aggregate  restriction or reactive material, see 7.3 sulfate soundness test, see 8.1 state limit of material finer than 75 micro mm, see table 1 (limit 3%) state limit of coal and lignite, see table 1 (limit 1%) 4. Coarse aggregate size permitted, see 10.1 & table 2 class designation, see 11.1 & table 3 restriction or reactive material, see 11.2 sulfate soundness test, table 3 FINE AGGREGATE General characteristic; natural sand and or manufacture sand Grading Sieve analysis limits shall meet specification on table 6.1 but exception as describe below: As describe in 6.2 fine aggregate max 45% passin...

Types Types Application or used for I When special requirements such as air- entrainment, sulfate resistance, heat of hydration & high early strength are not required IA Same as type I, when air – entrainment is desired II General use, specified when moderate sulfate resistance & moderate heat of hydration is desired IIA Same as type II, when air – entrainment is desired III High early strength is desired IIIA Same as type III, when air – entrainment is desired IV Low heat of hydration is desired V High sulfate resistance is required Denote information below when you ordering portland cement  Types of cement complete with number and date ( example: IIIA, or IIA) If type of cement is not mentioned , type I shall be supplied Optional chemical or physical requirements Ingredie...